Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Agriculture has had a significant effect on the
world's landscape for decades. Over the years agricultural practices have seen
dramatic changes that have caused a great impact on the soil leading to its
degradation.
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"> font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-font-family:calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:
AR-SA">Food and fiber productivity soared due to new technologies,
mechanization, increased chemical use, commercial seeds, fertilizers, fuel, and
governmental policies that favored maximizing production. Although these
changes have had many positive effects on farming, there have also been
significant costs. Prominent among these is the degradation of soil (Lal and
Stewart, 1990).
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">TITLE PAGE
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">TABLE OF
CONTENT
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">CHAPTER ONE
mso-add-space:auto;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:200%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">
1.0
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri">Introduction
1
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">
1.1
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri">Problem Statement
4
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">
1.2
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri">Scope Of The Study
4
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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri">1.3
Justification of the
Study
4
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mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:
Calibri">1.4
Objective of the Study
5
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">CHAPTER TWO
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.0
Literature Review
1">
6
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text-autospace:none">
Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.1
Agriculture practices
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text-autospace:none">
Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.2
Effects of agriculture practices on soil
fauna in agro- ecosystems
8
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text-autospace:none">
Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.2.1
Tillage and crop patterns
8
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.2.2
Crop rotations
9"> 9
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.2.3
Fertilizer application
11
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Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri">2.2.4
Pesticides application
14
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.3
Agricultural practices and their impact
on soil quality
15
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.3.1
Irrigation
17
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.3.2
Organic amendments
8"> 21
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.3.3
Liming
23
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.4
Soil Erosion
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.5
Soil Properties
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.5.1
Physical Properties
8"> 27
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.5.2
Chemical Properties
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.5.3
Biological Properties
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">CHAPTER THREE
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mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">3.0
Materials and Methods
36
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mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">3.1
Study site
9"> 36
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mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">3.2
Study site Description
36
justify;line-height:200%">
mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:calibri;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">3.3
Geology
38
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">3.4
Soil sampling and test
38
line-height:200%;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin">REFERENCE 41